You will get here Chemistry Class 12 CBSE Notes and MCQs Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds . You can connect with us for every important update related to class 12.
Chemistry is a very important subject for your board exam because it will help you increase your percentage and give big support in your entrance exam like JEE and NEET. You can score high marks in this subject by studying notes and practicing MCQs. In this post, we will cover Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds .
🔷 1. Basic Idea (Concept & Importance) 🔷 2. Werner’s Theory of Coordinatiion Compounds 🔷 3. Important Terms (Definitions) 🔷 4. Nomenclature of Coordiination Compounds (IUPAC Rules) 🔷 5. Isomerism in Coordination Compounds 🔷 6. Bonding in Coordination Compounds 🔷 7. Color in Coordiination Compounds 🔷 8. Magnetic Properties 🔷 9. Metal Carbonyls 🔷 10. Applications of Coordinatiion Compounds
Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5: Coordination Compounds Notes
Complete Class 12 Chemistry Unit 5 (Coordination Compounds) notes, syllabus,
NCERT book PDF aur official Telegram channel ka direct access yahan se milega.
Isme Werner’s theory, ligands, nomenclature, isomerism, bonding theories,
crystal field theory, colour, magnetic properties aur applications cover hai.
🔹 Basic Idea (Real Life + Concept) Coordinatiion compounds central metal ion aur ligands se milkar bante hain aur biological systems, medicine, metallurgy aur industry me important role play karte hain.
🔹 Werner’s Theory of Coordiination Compounds Metal do valency show karta hai — primary valency (ionisable) aur secondary valency (non-ionisable). Secondary valency coordination number ke equal hoti hai aur definite geometry deti hai.
🔹 Important Terms (Definitions) Central metal, ligand, coordiination number, coordiination sphere, oxidation number etc. cordination compounds ke basic concepts define karte hain jo complex structure samajhne me help karte hain.
🔹 Nomenclature of Coordinatiion Compounds (IUPAC Rules) Coordination compouunds ko systematic rules se name kiya jata hai jisme pehle ligands aur phir metal ka naam likhte hain aur oxidation state Roman number me show karte hain.
🔹 Isomerism in Coordinaton Compunds Same formula wale coordinaton compounds different arrangement ki wajah se different properties show karte hain — jaise geometrical, optical aur structural isomerism.
🔹 Bonding in Coordination Compunds Metal aur ligand ke beech coordinate bond banta hai jise Valence Bond Theory (VBT) aur Crystal Field Theory (CFT) se explain kiya jata hai.
🔹 Colour in Coordinatiion Compounds Transition metal complexes coloured hote hain kyunki d-orbitals me electron transition hota hai jo specific wavelength absorb karta hai.
🔹 Magnetic Properties Coordination compouunds ki magnetic nature unpaired electrons ki number par depend karti hai — paramagnetic (unpaired) ya diamagnetic (paired).
🔹 Metal Carbonyls Metal carbonyls me metal CO ligand se bond karta hai aur σ-donation aur π-back bonding show karta hai.
🔹 Applications of Coordination Commpounds Coordination compouunds ka use medicine (cisplatin), metallurgy, electroplating, analytical chemistry aur biological systems me hota hai.
Coordination compounds are compounds in which a central metal atom or ion is bonded to a fixed number of ligands through coordinate bonds.
2. What is Werner’s theory in simple terms?
Werner proposed that metals show two valencies – primary (ionisable, oxidation state) and secondary (non-ionisable, coordination number). Secondary valency determines geometry.
3. What is a ligand?
A ligand is an ion or molecule that donates a pair of electrons to the central metal atom. Example: NH₃, Cl⁻, H₂O, en, EDTA.
4. What is coordination number?
Coordination number is the number of donor atoms directly bonded to the central metal ion.
Example: In [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺, coordination number = 6.
5. What types of isomerism are shown by coordination compounds?
They show structural isomerism (linkage, ionisation, coordination, solvate) and stereoisomerism (geometrical and optical isomerism).
6. Why are coordination compounds coloured?
Due to d–d electronic transitions. Electrons absorb visible light and get excited to higher energy levels, producing colour.
7. What is Crystal Field Theory?
Crystal Field Theory explains the splitting of d-orbitals in presence of ligands and helps explain colour and magnetic properties.
8. What is the difference between strong field and weak field ligands?
Strong field ligands cause large d-orbital splitting (low spin complexes) while weak field ligands cause small splitting (high spin complexes).
9. What are metal carbonyls?
Metal carbonyls are coordination compounds containing CO as ligand. Example: Ni(CO)₄, Fe(CO)₅.
10. What are the applications of coordination compounds?
Used in metallurgy, medicine (cisplatin), analytical chemistry (EDTA titration), electroplating, photography and biological systems like haemoglobin.
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